How Does Medication For ADHD Work? Stimulants are among the most frequently prescribed ADHD medicines. They increase the levels of brain chemicals called dopamine and norepinephrine. They include the methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta), amphetamine, dextroamphetamine (Adderall) and the lisdexafetamine (Vyvanse). They are usually prescribed in a long-release forms that last from